Meteorological phenomena
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Also known as globe lightning or orb lightning, ball lighting is a very poorly understood phenomenon. Since it is believed to be rare and unpredictable, study of this type of lightning can be difficult. As with all lightning, they are a form of electrical discharge which occur during thunderstorms. Conventional...
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Air masses move differently in our Earth's atmosphere, with varying effects on the spaces beneath them. Specifically, they can influence weather patterns which can be disruptive or beneficial to both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Cyclones are one of the most significant types of air mass which are...
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Catatumbo's Lightning is a fantastic display of nature's raw power. Often referred to as the "Everlasting Storm," this region in Venezuela experiences up to 40 lightning strikes every minute, which earn it a place in the Guinness Book of Records. However, there is a scientific explanation for this phenomenon....
Have you ever gazed skyward and spotted a cloud that resembled a flying saucer or a giant contact lens? These captivating formations, known as lenticular clouds (or Altocumulus lenticularis for the science buffs), are a unique phenomenon often associated with mountainous regions. Their formation is...
Have you ever been caught outside during a sudden gust that nearly knocked you off your feet? Strong winds are more than just an inconvenience – they can pose a significant threat to both personal safety and property damage. Knowing how to identify strong winds and the associated risks allows you to take...
The Earth's atmosphere crackles with unseen energy. Atmospheric electrical phenomena refer to the natural electrical processes that occur within the Earth's atmosphere. This encompasses a wide range of electrical activity, from the dramatic discharges of lightning to the more subtle ongoing processes that...
Have you ever witnessed a vibrant rainbow arch across the sky, or perhaps seen an ethereal halo surrounding the sun? These captivating phenomena are known as photometeors. Photometeors are luminous atmospheric phenomena that arise from the interaction of sunlight or moonlight with atmospheric particles,...
Did you know that a cooler Pacific Ocean can trigger flooding in Southeast Asia and droughts in the American Southwest? This paradoxical scenario is a consequence of La Niña, a climate phenomenon impacting weather patterns around the world. La Niña is one phase of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) cycle,...
Cold waves are meteorological phenomena which are characterized by a sudden decrease in temperature that is then extended over a prolonged period of time. Also known as cold snaps or cold spells, there are certain characteristics common to all cold waves, but they can present differently depending on the...
We may have heard of the monsoon season, the time during which wind and heavy rainfall can provide difficulties. For some of us, this means we need to reconsider travel plans. For many communities around the world, it means drastic changes and adaptations to their way of life. Fortunately, it also means...
Atmospheric rivers are currents of concentrated water vapor in the Earth's atmosphere. These meteorological phenomena act on the global distribution of humidity and the regulation of our climate. These currents are capable of transporting enormous amounts of moisture over long distances, significantly influencing...
A polar vortex is a weather phenomenon that is very important in terms of climate regulation in the polar regions of Earth. This phenomenon is characterized by a mass of cold, dense air that circulates in a vortex. This vortex is counterclockwise in the northern hemisphere and clockwise in the southern...
Lithometeors are solid particles suspended in the Earth's atmosphere. These particles, predominantly composed of solids, play a crucial role in shaping various ecological and meteorological processes. From dust to sand and ice crystals, these particles contribute to the dynamic interactions within Earth's...
Rime ice is a meteorological phenomenon that is defined as the direct formation of a layer of ice on exposed surfaces such as tree branches, leaves and grass. It occurs due to the freezing of water vapor in the air. This process is influenced by specific atmospheric conditions of humidity and near-freezing...
The meteorological phenomenon known as dew can occur in the morning or at night. It is something which can be very evocative, often being mentioned in arts and literature. Despite often being given spiritual connotations, dew plays a very important role in the water balance of ecosystems. Defined as the condensation...
Also known as temperature inversion, thermal inversion is a meteorological phenomenon that changes the normal behavior of atmospheric temperature. We may already know that the temperature in the upper layers of the Earth's atmosphere is usually lower than that of the layers below. If we consider air, it usually...
Hydrometeors are atmospheric phenomena related to the presence of water in the atmosphere, whether in liquid or solid form. While this encompasses precipitation, they differ in terms of overall concept. Since hydrometeors encompass all forms of atmospheric water, this means they include everything from clouds...
Imagine a wall of water, taller than buildings, surging across the land with a deafening roar. This is the raw, untamed power of a tsunami, a natural phenomenon that has captivated and terrified humankind for centuries. These colossal waves, born from the depths of the ocean, can devastate coastlines,...
Also known as a dry storm, the virga weather phenomenon occurs when a visible amount of precipitation can be seen falling from the sky, but it does not reach the ground. This meteorological phenomenon can be seen with reactively regularity, but not many people are aware of it. It is particularly common...
Clouds have long been a source of fascination for humans. Their ever-changing shapes and patterns have inspired artists, poets, and scientists for centuries. But beyond their aesthetic appeal, clouds play a crucial role in regulating Earth's climate. Clouds are complex and dynamic systems, and accurately...
A sea of clouds is a meteorological phenomenon that occurs in various mountainous regions around the world. One famous example can be seen in Tenerife where visitors flock every year. This meteorological phenomenon occurs thanks to the confluence of trade winds, mountain ranges and occasional thermal...
Also known as graupel, snow pellets are a variation of snow where water droplets attach to snowflakes or ice crystals. Snow itself is a type of precipitation where frozen ice crystals in the atmosphere fall to the ground. Snowflakes have various shapes and can connect with multiple flakes at a time....
Snow manifests itself in the form of ice crystals that fall from the clouds as a form of precipitation. While this may sound like a relatively simple meteorological phenomenon, it require a complex network of environmental events to form. It is also different from other types of frozen precipitation such...
With their ethereal forms, clouds paint the sky with their ethereal forms, each one playing a distinctive role in the atmospheric narrative. At low altitudes, stratus clouds dominate the sky, their flat, layered canvases adorning the sky. As their Latin namesake implies, they spread across vast expanses,...
Cumulonimbus clouds are large clouds with great vertical development. Some people may wonder if cumulonimbus clouds are dangerous and the answer is that they very much can be. Although not the only type of storm cloud, they are one of the most common that appear when there are storms. They are associated...
Mud rain is a meteorological phenomenon associated with arid and semi-arid conditions. Also known as rain dust, it manifests due to the interaction between soil dryness, lack of vegetation and dust storms. It is generally more prevalent during spring and summer, depending on the regions. The presence of dust...
El Niño, meaning "the little boy" in Spanish, is a climate pattern characterized by a significant warming of the surface waters in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. This warming, which typically occurs every two to seven years, is not a mere regional affair; it's a global game-changer,...
A snow avalanche is an imposing and potentially dangerous natural phenomenon that occurs when snow rapidly proceeds down a slope. These can be very small, but the larger the avalanche, the more destructive it will be. We often don't know the direct cause of a snow avalanche, but we do know there are...
Torrential rains are a weather phenomenon where an intense and abundant precipitation of water occurs over a certain period of time. They are often relatively short, which is why we refer to them as a torrential downpour to compare them to lighter rains. Unfortunately, torrential rains can also occur...
Have you ever looked out your window on a foggy morning and marveled at the ethereal beauty of the scene? Or perhaps you've driven through a haze-filled landscape, its otherworldly quality both mesmerizing and disorienting. Fog, mist, and haze are all atmospheric phenomena that can reduce visibility,...
The Foehn effect is related to a dry, warm wind that moves along the downward side of a mountain. It occurs when an air mass encounters this mountainside and is forced to ascend up it. This natural phenomenon occurs in most mountainous regions of the world, although it is a localized effect. Foehn winds...
Fog is a weather phenomenon that is essentially a low-flying cloud. This is because it is an aerosol of water or ice droplets that moves close to the Earth's surface. It can be a very evocative phenomenon, either creeping over rolling hills in the countryside or descending ominously over a cityscape. While...
Waterspouts are a weather phenomenon which appear as if a tornado has formed over a large body of water. They consist of eddies that are usually connected to cumuliform clouds. The base of a waterspout can be formed by water spray. This meteorological phenomenon is frequently confused with tornadoes that...
The term "cold drop" refers to a recurring meteorological event that occurs yearly, primarily impacting the weather along the Mediterranean side of the Iberian Peninsula. It unfolds when a pocket of cold air above descends and disconnects from the main cold air mass. This phenomenon gives rise to various...
Hurricanes, often referred to as tropical cyclones or typhoons in different regions of the world, are awe-inspiring meteorological phenomena. These immense storms, characterized by powerful winds and torrential rains, can unleash catastrophic forces of nature upon the areas they make landfall. Hurricanes...
A sandstorm is a weather phenomenon that occurs when the wind blows large amounts of sand or dust into the air. It is for this reason they are also known as dust storms. They create a dense cloud of earth that darkens the sky and significantly reduces visibility. These storms generally occur in desert...